An Analysis of the Geography of Witchcraft

Benjamin C. Beam composed â€Å"The Geography of Witchcraft Accusation in 1692 Salam Village† so as to infer that geographic examination of the black magic allegation, monetary, strict just as economic wellbeing appears there was no huge east-west division inside Salam Village. In the article, Ray calls attention to that the guide remembered for Salam Possessed isn't just interpretive yet in addition inadequate. He expresses that there was an irregularity in giving a numerical include of informers and charged in the town. Besides, he inquiries concerning the setting of the division line at the focal point of the guide. Beam additionally offers a reconsidered guide of the allegation because of erroneous number of informer and blamed and planned prohibition for eight harrowed young ladies and the five locals. From the reconsidered map, Ray uncovers that there is no noteworthy division. On the other hand, Boyer and Nissenbaum expressed that consideration of the eight harassed young ladies would not altogether change the geographic example since they were not â€Å"decisive shapers† and furthermore six of eight were not living in the parents’ house during the black magic flare-up. In spite of the fact that Boyer and Nissenbaum gave a wide scope of data identified with the allegation, they neglected to introduce information as given in sources and persuading clarifications. Clearly, they expected to show the division in the Village by taking a gander at the guide. Be that as it may, Ray demonstrates mistakes contained in the guide as well as uncovers the various conceivable translation which can be reached determination from the reexamined map. I accept the utilization of the guide for representing the east-west division of the black magic allegation in improper. for exclusion of informers and area of the outline line, and Boyer and Nissenbaum presented thought of geographic dispersion in the examples of black magic allegation in the main section of Salem Possessed.

Nerudas Too Many Names free essay sample

Neruda discusses congruity. The texture of time is ceaseless and can't be cut with ‘weary scissors’. He says that the days are obscuring together. He inquires as to why we ought to have names which are made-up things. None of us truly are from any nations which are made-up things, as well. He knows just of his skin and of the earth, the two of which are anonymous too. Roots please him more than blossoms, stones ring like chimes. He is anonymous while in his fantasy world, for what reason would it be a good idea for it to be any extraordinary when he is wakeful? He says that when we are conceived, we get our names, and not long after we begin naming and ordering things. Naming things is negligible, it resembles sinking into conventions and complexities. He requests to consider things to be they genuinely are. He is against relegating names. He relevantly says that â€Å"all of us are dust or sand† and notwithstanding our endeavors to be remarkable and significant, we are bits. We will compose a custom exposition test on Nerudas Too Many Names or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The idea of having a name brands us and our expectations. Force or unmistakable quality doesn't upgrade our shared trait. It truly doesn't make a difference who we are since we are on the whole people in a similar world and whether we are someone or not so much has no effect when we think about our normal experience. Endeavors to be ‘someone’ truly amounts to nothing when we are battling against time and one another. Despite the fact that this sonnet finishes on a cheerful note with the artist needing the world to have, â€Å"the unity of the ocean,† the whole sonnet has an a lot more troubled tenor as the storyteller opposes all the brands and characters given to our reality since they are good for nothing and just makes struggle, disharmony and contradiction among us.

Rejoicing

Rejoicing It is 2:30 and I already stained my neurons and nail-polished them to glass coverslips (yes, we use some high-tech tools in modern cell biology), but I cant go home yet because I have 7.31 at 3:00 in the Whitehead Center for Biomedical Research. So Im a) alleviating boredom, b) avoiding starting my 5.60 pset (due Friday), and c) brightening your lives, many of which are probably consumed by watching for your friendly neighborhood postal worker. To those of you, I bring item #6 from the yellow To-Do Post-It stuck to my computer screen: Deep breaths. (Items #1-5 are probably less useful to you.) I just have some mishmash to write about today, so hopefully no one is looking for a grand unified theme. First, I would like to rejoice about an incident that happened yesterday. So I had a test today in 9.15 (Biochemistry/Pharmacology of Synaptic Transmission), a comprehensive 1.5-hour not-really-but-sort-of final. I was super-stressed about it because I kind of zoned out for several lectures and didnt take very good notes, and the tests in that class have a heavy emphasis on the nitty-gritty, and so if you dont learn everything, you could be screwed. I went to bed Monday night and couldnt fall asleep because I was worried about the test. And I had a bad dream about neurotransmitters, and then another bad dream about rats getting out of their cages and crawling into the pockets of my lab coat. (I work with mice, and I love them. Rats are much larger and toothier than lab mice, and as such they kind of give me the creeps.) So I walked into the test Tuesday morning about two minutes late, stressed and worried and not terribly well-prepared. And the TA waves at me, says Bye-bye!, and points to the board, on which is written Students Exempt from the Test and a list of names. And sure enough, my name was up there! Moral of the story: Writing very good midterm papers (mine was on dopamine receptor genetics) and doing well on the first test can sometimes be a very good thing at the end of term. Second, I would like to rejoice that Professor Gertler told our 7.31 (Current Topics in Mammalian Biology) class that the MIT biology program is doing away with its no inbreeding policy previously, MIT undergrads werent accepted into the biology PhD program. The change in policy is effective immediately, meaning that I have the opportunity to apply to MITs biology program (ranked #2 in USNWR). This gets a giant hurray from me.

Green Barrier to Chinas Export - 1582 Words

Introduction As the world economy moves towards globalization, China has become more open to trade with other countries. Its international trade volume had risen from US$20.6 in 1978 to US$1,422 billion in 2005 (Wang amp; Liu, 2007). Since China’s exports mainly focus on the labor intensive and resource intensive industries, this exports pattern causes a serious environmental problem in China. Green barriers become a kind of emerging non-tariff barrier which is used for the developed countries to protect their production and economic development in recent years. The main forms of green barriers include green tariff and market access, green packaging and labeling requirements, green technology standards, Green health inspection system,†¦show more content†¦In fact, â€Å"Green barriers are the outcome of economic development†. On the one hand, production and development of technology increase people’s income and living standards. On the other hand, it has irreversible negative influence on the natural resources and environment, such as desert encroachment, deforestation, water shortages, acid rain, biodiversity reduction (Wang amp; Liu, 2007, p.2). Therefore, many regulations and principles point out that international trade must integrate with the environment and the economic development. To this extent, green barriers have a rational and positive effect on protecting environment as well as the health of human beings, animals and plants. Specifically, the reasons are explained as follows. First, a green barrier has been widely accepted by WTO members in principle as an environmental measure related to trade. The European Union has applied ISO 14000 to request all imported goods meet environment standards. Second, green barriers are not only embodied in environmental and technological effects, but also in aligning world production according to true comparative advantage. One country will have a positive effect on its neighbor and global environment through protecting the environment, so green barriers has a positive global externality. Third, strict environmental regulations can improve efficiency and encourage innovations that improveShow MoreRelatedChinas Textile Tbt Impact4953 Words   |  20 PagesBusiness Research abou the texitle in BTT Effect of Technical Barriers to Trade on Chinese Textile Product Trade Ningchuan Jiang Visiting Professor. FedEx Global Education Center. UNC. Chapel Hill. NC 27599, USA Depart. Economics and Management, Chengdu Textile College, Chengdu 611731, China Abstract It has been more than five years for China’s entry into WTO. With the decrease of regulations of tariff barrier and non-tariff barrier, the export market of Chinese textile products has been expanded andRead MoreImpact Of Economic Globalization4598 Words   |  19 Pagesand the Problems. Encountered by Chinas Trade (I) Characteristics of Chinas Trade under Economic Globalization Trade liberalization embodies the market objective of multinational corporations in the production of globalization, so it is accompanied by the globalization of production. As regional economic integration and economic globalization have further deepened, several significant characteristics have emerged in Chinas trade. 1.The proportion of Chinas trade has changed dramatically. AfterRead MoreGreen Mountain Coffee Roaster, Inc Export Project Essay2232 Words   |  9 PagesGreen Mountain Coffee roaster, Inc | Export Project | | | BUS 580 | Student name: Dongjie Zhang Catalog Chapter 1. The analysis of necessity and feasibility - 2 - 1.1 Background amp; product - 2 - 1.2 Necessity - 2 - 1.3 Feasibility - 3 - Chapter 2. Why chose China? - 5 - 2.1 Legal system amp; government position - 5 - 2.2 Banking system - 6 - 2.3 Trade environment - 7 - Chapter 3. Business plan - 8 - 3.1 Location - 8 - 3.2 Mode of entry - 8 - 3.3 StrategicRead MoreThe Economic Growth Of China1503 Words   |  7 Pageshigh savings and investment. As we all know, gross domestic production relate with four parts: consumption, investment, government consumption, and net exports. That is to say, if there is high level of savings and investment, the gross domestic production is relatively high. Raising national income, change in government consumption and net exports is not very efficient. By contrast, saving and investment is very important factor for economic growth in China. Considering about the economicRead MoreChinas Wto Accession and Sustainable Development7179 Words   |  29 Pagesand Development CHINA’S WTO ACCESSION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2002 Report to the China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development by Task Force on WTO and Environment November 23-25, 2002 CHINA’S WTO ACCESSION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2002 Report to the CCIED by The Task Force on WTO and Environment November 23-25, 2002 Beijing China I. Key issues for China as a WTO member 1. WTO Accession and Environmental Consequences China’s accession to theRead MorePearl River Piano2296 Words   |  10 Pageschance due to import technology and export products, and then they were expended to become Pearl River piano Industrial Corporation. Their  Ã‚  business become more  successful ï ¼Å' after they merger with several small company. In2000, PRPG had more than 130 strategic alliance through-outs the country, in addition to 208 sales units. Question1 Drawing on  industry- resource- and  institution-based views, explain how  PRPG,from  its humble roots,  managed to  become  China’s  largest  and the  world’s second largestRead MoreIndus Valley Civilization Seals Found In Mesopotamia, Suggest1444 Words   |  6 Pages2017) the U.S. economy grew at a rate of 2.1 percent in the fourth quarter of 2016. (Trade in Goods with China, 2016) The United States had a trade deficit of USD 347,037.9 million against China in the year of 2016. The above statistics indicate that China’s growth rate is more than three times of the U.S. Because of practicing free trade, American firms outsource most of the unskilled labor intensive jobs to China. The government may give subsidies to local infant industries as well as dying traditionalRead MoreEnergy Security And Development Of Energy2718 Words   |  11 Pagessurvival and development. As the world biggest developing country, China’s demand for energy will experience a steady increase with the development of the economy . However, many problems are facing the energy security in rural China. At the early state of energy shortage, state policy indicated that the rural energy needed to be self-reliance. Actually, rural energy is a buffer of China’s energy system . With the development of the China’s economy, the government begun to realize the importance of energyRead MoreChina And China Trade Agreement1668 Words   |  7 Pagestrading policies that allow her to gain more from trading with China. Canada became a member of APEC in November 6, 1989, and China joined at November 12, 1991. Since then, China’s economy started boosting, and China became many countries’ important trade partners. Although China is Canada’s second largest import and export market, the Canada-China bilateral trade only accounts for a small portion of total foreign trade for both Canada and China. (The Globe and Mail, 2015 ) China has a large marketRead MoreEnvironmental Consequences Of Green Manufacturing1554 Words   |  7 Pagescostly. Green manufacturing is a key player in providing cleaner energy resources, reducing greenhouse gases and other harmful emissions, degrading the impact of these gases, conserving natural resources and minimizing wastes. Not only will it be beneficial to grow the renewable energy and clean technologies industries for environmental purposes, but it will also be beneficial to the global economy, as â€Å"It is estimated that green energy can save [Europe] 3 trillion Euros by 2050†. â€Å"Green jobs are

Analysing Malaysian Students Attitude Towards Fast Food...

Analysing Malaysian Students Attitude Towards Fast Food Health Essay Malaysians were first introduced to fast foods during 1963 when Aamp;W firstly started their restaurant. Consumers’ acceptance of fast foods has been increasing. For the past ten years, there are more and more fast food outlets are coming into Malaysia. There are rapid expanding development of diverse eating habits and tastes among consumers for convenience foods, such as fast foods. Nowadays, many Malaysian are becoming increasingly more westernized and pursuing greater convenience when eating out. In fact, the main customer group of fast food restaurants is students. Several dietary factors inherent in fast food may cause a variety of negative health effects, including†¦show more content†¦Chapter 3 presents the research framework and the involved variables, Chapter 4 presents conducting method, design of sample, the sources of data collection, instrumentations use and method of analysis also the limitation and resources. End of Chapter present the collection of reference. LITERATURE REVIEW This research paper is not undertaking as a substantial survey either of brand building or of consumer experience. Nor is it seeking the perception of student to fast food. Brands enhance human daily life. Consumer’s experience of using their familiar brands is more comfortable. This is because the essence of branded eating in fast food restaurants, albeit inflected culturally in different direction. Students consume the same brand as they friends did. This had brought out the trend among students which fast food restaurant is a place to hang out. According to Schlosser (2001) with increased mobility and the sprawling of urban areas people spent more time commuting to work. This was coupled with an increasing presence of women in the workplace thus leading to less time allocated for food preparation at home. At that stage, some three quarters of the family food budget was initially spent on fast food meals. Quick to capture the changing nature of the business, the fast food industry has also changed the face of the food chain in the last decades. Changes in food presentation and preparation were derived from technological improvements that facilitated the preservationShow MoreRelatedMedical Tourism22177 Words   |  89 Pagestourism industry and the hospital. I also extend my gratitude towards Ms. Wendy and Mr. Zahirin without whom traveling would have been a nightmare in Malaysia. At Imperial College London, I would like to thank my supervisor Dr. Timothy Heymann, first for awarding the studentship project and second for helping to target my efforts. I would even like to thank Mr. Ebrahim Mohamed and Mr. Simon Stockley for their moral support towards the write-up of this project. Finally, special thanks to myRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesglobalizing forces on commercial aVairs, shifts in notions of eVective knowledge management, governance, and ethics, and technological advances, including the rise of broadband, have all impacted management accounting endeavours. The Weld is today, as fast-changing as it has ever been. This book captures key facets of current thoughts, concerns, and issues in management accounting. The book consists of eighteen chapters written by distinguished scholars in the Weld. The topic areas covered in some chapters

Brian Montgomery Free Essays

What skills do you believe manages should possess? A: Leadership, organizational and interaction skills, good communication. Planning Q: Why do you think Managers need to plan? A: You need to have agreed plans and goals; I?s how you measure yourselves and the business against planned targets Q: There are different kinds of Plans including, Mission statements, vision, marketing operational. What type of plans do you use in your business? A: In my division we use all of those, the company has our mission statement and vision, which we live but the operational plans are the day to day business for us. We will write a custom essay sample on Brian Montgomery or any similar topic only for you Order Now Q: How often do you refer to each of the plans? A: It really depends on the plan and situation but I would say at least weekly. Q: Do you discuss the plans with you your teams and why? A: Yes we discuss these in all of our meetings at different levels. Staff, supervisor and management meetings. Q: How effective do you think these plans are? A: There is always room for improvement, but at this time they are good. They are achievable and relevant to the core business. Our plans have to be somewhat flexible due to the changing environment we work in. Q: What benefits do you think you get from each of those plans? A: The team get a sense of achievement, moving forward, setting new goals. We achieve then move the goals forward. It’s great for the team to see the plan coming to fruition. Organizing Q: Why do you think businesses need to have organizational structures? A: Accountability and growth. Q: There are different kinds of Organizational structures in the workplace, Formal/informal, functional, and divisional and matrix. Which one or combination Of these is used in your business? A: would say Divisional due to the multiple sites. Q: What benefits do you think you get from those structures you use? A: loud say time is the biggest benefit. When you find something that works well at one site you can adapt that to fit another site. With not having to come up with a complete new system then have time to focus on other issues. Q: Do you see any drawbacks to any of the structures you use? A: Having too many sites sometimes mean you spread yourself a little thin. That’s when you have to look at staff and co-leaders. Leadership Q: Why do you think leadership is important in business? A: Overall accountability, but part of that is ensuring that the whole team work together to achieve the desired outcome. Q: There are several types of adhering, Autocratic, Democratic Laissez-fairer, situational etc. Which of these do you use in your organization? A: Democratic for me, having said that there are occasions when time constants mean a directive needs to be the way to move forward quickly. Q:How would you describe your leadership style? A: Adaptable depending on the climate at the time and proactive. Q: What benefits do you think you get from this style? A: Success, great time management and good interactions with staff. This means we meet timeliness. Q:DO you see any drawbacks to this style? A: Sometimes if you don’t stay focused on delivery, things can get interpreted Rooney. You really have to make sure you invest time on learning so everyone understands their part in the overall plan. Control Q: What does controlling mean for you? A: Guidelines are put in place sows have a structured approach. Q: What control systems are used in your business? A: Mainly Kepi’s (Key Performance Indicators) Q: Why are controlling systems important in your business? A: So we can achieve and show that we have achieved. Q: What control functions that you use monitor your planning functions? A: The Kepi’s are what shows how we are progressing against our plan and working towards our targets. With no Kepi’s where are we really. 1 . The Planning Function of Management 1. 1 . A There are a variety of reasons that managers plan although to me the first reason would be to set the direction and priorities of the company or sector of the company. You want to ensure that everyone in the team is working towards a similar goal and understands what that goal is. 1 . 2. A Vision Statement: Describes what a company would like to achieve, their aspirations to be the leader or best at what they do. Mission Statement: This is really the overall aim of the company, it tells prospective customers who the company are and what they stand for. Strategic plans: these are the long term plans the company has to grow. The overall direction it wants to take to achieve its desired goals. Marketing plans: This is the companies plan outlining how they plan to achieve the strategic goal they set. Here they need to look at what they deliver how well and what gives them the competitive edge over others out there. How they show that information to prospective clients. Contingency plan: This is the ‘what if plan. As we all know â€Å"If anything can go wrong, it will. † Murphy’s law With that in mind we need to put plans in place for possible events that were to originally planned for (the contingency plan). Operational plans: This is a short term plan often set at a lower level in the company to ensure the team or section of the company have a clear understanding of what they need to do in the short term to ensure the company as a whole is achieving its higher level plans. 1 . 2. B The company I studied has a variety of plans, they have a vision (what they want to be), Mission (Why they exist), Values(what is important to them). They also have a strategic plan looking at the goals of increasing contracts and turnover by a percentage each year for the next five years. They have a marketing plan, for how they plan to sell the business to prospective clients. All these plans are driven from their National Office. Then there is the operational planning side of things, this is how they plan their work week to week to ensure they carry out the work the client wants within the timeshare set. 1. 3. From what observed I think overall the company studied has some good plans at each level. My study was more focused on the operational plans and at interview and at first look it appears that the plans are sound and have some clear expectations of how things would be done in order to achieve the goals. Looking closer showed that there were some things that could possibly be done to make it more effective 1 . 3. B I was able to see the operational plans and how these were looked at from week to week. They have various focuses form current week to next and then longer focus into months ahead. I was shown the targets for completions of set work and the actual percentages achieved week on week against the plans. They have set themselves some high goals for the year and are close to achieving. I did notice from discussions that where they appear to fail is due to not cooking at the contingency side of things fully. A lot of the day to day jobs are dependent on weather or plant access and often there is no plan for what they will do if they cannot do that. This means that the overall focus then becomes more reactive than proactive. 2. The Organizing Function of Management 2. 1 . A Businesses need to have organizational structures in order to allow them to function effectively. This is because the structure defines the roles and tasks undertaken by staff. â€Å"An idea can only become a reality once it is broken down into organized, actionable elements. † Scott Belles 2. 2. The main kinds Of organizational structures are: Formal: Generally roles and responsibilities are set out in writing and staff generally don’t venture outside their job description. Informal: Is how people work together in practice, day to day interactions. This structure generally develops alongside a formal structure. Divisional: Is where an organization is split into a number of separate units. These can be grouped according to product, market, geographical location or a mix of these. Each division is self-managed. Functional: Is where staff are grouped according to the function or role they perform Matrix: Is where staff are grouped by both function and product, often this structure is used for project work. 2. B The company I studied had a combination Of the Structures discussed. The company as a whole have a formal structure with an organizational chart to show the positions, with each position having a formal job description. But alongside that the staff have developed good communication and day to day talking to ensure the jobs are completed which is really the informal addition. The company has certainly got a divisional side to mainly based on location, and there is somewhat of a functional split at the location I looked at where hey have a roofing team with team leader, a handyman team with team leader, an industrial cleaning team with team leader and a commercial cleaning team with team leader. 2. 3. A The impression I was left with is that the mix of organizational structures works very well in this company. There appear to be a good balance between the formal and informal. The functional structure impressed me in that each of the individual teams had a clear understanding of their roles and took pride in achieving and meeting their targets. 2. 3. B During my visit I was able to see the organizational chart and some of the position descriptions. Away the team members within the office and how they interacted with the team leaders to get tasks achieved. 3. The Leadership Function of Management 3. 1 . A Leadership is important because without it a business will fail to function to its full potential. Leadership is the capacity to transform vision into reality. † Warren G. Bennie 3. 2. A To me the business I studied relies heavily on the democratic style of leadership, with a little delegating added to the mix. Democratic: There were a lot of notes from meetings with the manager and her supervisors and team leaders, where you could see issues discussed and he thoughts of the team with the decision made and agreed as the way to move forward. I noted from the tone used by the manager at interview and the dealings I saw with staff that she asked for their thoughts and input to assist in the decision making process. Delegating: I could often see actions for tasks or monitoring being assigned to the supervisor and team leaders. 3. 2. B Compared to the democratic style the autocratic does not look for a collaborative approach. Generally it is a more solely directive or authoritarian approach. Whereas the democratic style assists staff in feeling that they are a ajar part of the process and engaging them the autocratic would not be the way to get the best from a team. The team with the autocratic leader often feel less loyal, have less commitment and in the end, less satisfaction from the job as those with a democratic leader. Having said this a few of the staff I came across liked the go to work and be told what to do and how, although it was a minority. Although not ideal in my view there are occasions where autocratic works, this is usually in situations where an emergency has occurred and a decision needs to be made sooner rather than waiting to see if a consensus can be reached. . 3. A I believe that the leadership in the business I studied was adequate. There seemed to be systems in place and all those I spoke to or observed seemed to be aware of their part in achieving. 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Net Present Value (NPV) free essay sample

1. Basic present value calculations Calculate the present value of the following cash flows, rounding to the nearest dollar: a. A single cash inflow of $12,000 in five years, discounted at a 12% rate of return. b. An annual receipt of $16,000 over the next 12 years, discounted at a 14% rate of return. c. A single receipt of $15,000 at the end of Year 1 followed by a single receipt of $10,000 at the end of Year 3. The company has a 10% rate of return. d. An annual receipt of $8,000 for three years followed by a single receipt of $10,000 at the end of Year 4. The company has a 16% rate of return. 2. Cash flow calculations and net present value On January 2, 20X1, Bruce Greene invested $10,000 in the stock market and purchased 500 shares of Heartland Development, Inc. Heartland paid cash dividends of $2. 60 per share in 20X1 and 20X2; the dividend was raised to $3. 10 per share in 20X3. On December 31, 20X3, Greene sold his holdings and generated proceeds of ,000. We will write a custom essay sample on Net Present Value or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Greene uses the net-present- value method and desires a 16% return on investments. a. Prepare a chronological list of the investments cash flows. Note: Greene is entitled to the 20X3 dividend. b. Compute the investments net present value, rounding calculations to the nearest dollar. c. Given the results of part (b), should Greene have acquired the Heartland stock? Briefly explain. 3. Straightforward net present value and internal rate of return The City of Bedford is studying a 600-acre site on Route 356 for a new landfill. The startup cost has been calculated as follows: Purchase cost: $450 per acre Site preparation: $175,000 The site can be used for 20 years before it reaches capacity. Bedford, which shares a facility in Bath Township with other municipalities, estimates that the new location will save $40,000 in annual operating costs. a. Should the landfill be acquired if Bedford desires an 8% return on its investment? Use the net-present-value method to determine your answer. 4. Straightforward net-present-value and payback computations STL Entertainment is considering the acquisition of a sight-seeing boat for summer tours along the Mississippi River. The following information is available: Cost of boat $500,000 Service life 10 summer seasons Disposal value at the end of 10 seasons $100,000 Capacity per trip 300 passengers Fixed operating costs per season (including straight-line depreciation) $160,000 Variable operating costs per trip $1,000 Ticket price$5 per passenger All operating costs, except depreciation, require cash outlays. On the basis of similar operations in other parts of the country, management anticipates that each trip will be sold out and that 120,000 passengers will be carried each season. Ignore income taxes. Instructions: By using the net-present-value method, determine whether STL Entertainment should acquire the boat. Assume a 14% desired return on all investments- round calculations to the nearest dollar. 5. Equipment replacement decision Columbia Enterprises is studying the replacement of some equipment that originally cost $74,000. The equipment is expected to provide six more years of service if $8,700 of major repairs are performed in two years. Annual cash operating costs total $27,200. Columbia can sell the equipment now for $36,000; the estimated residual value in six years is $5,000. New equipment is available that will reduce annual cash operating costs to $21,000. The equipment costs $103,000, has a service life of six years, and has an estimated residual value of $13,000. Company sales will total $430,000 per year with either the existing or the new equipment. Columbia has a minimum desired return of 12% and depreciates all equipment by the straight-line method. Instructions: a. By using the net-present-value method, determine whether Columbia should keep its present equipment or acquire the new equipment. Round all calculations to the nearest dollar, and ignore income taxes. b. Columbias management feels that the time value of money should be considered in all long-term decisions. Briefly discuss the rationale that underlies managements belief.